6 years before you can file for it again, I have attacked a link below in reference to your questions
What you want to do first, is to freeze both yours and his credit to make sure that he can't open any more accounts up and also remove his name from the bank accounts and take the debit/credit cards away form him and take his name off of the account...he might not like it, but it's the way to save you during his manic phases.
Also, contact a legitimate credit repair service and have them consolodate your bills and put on a strict plan, which he may not like being bi polar. Credit Counseling Services is the one that is well known.
Your not indicating how long it's been since he's filed for disability, but he can get approved quicker, especially if he's had any recent hospitalizations. There are many indivialas who have bi polar who are productive members of society. I had a father that was and my neice and my daguhter is also. My daughter is on medication and is a Pastry Chef. She deals with dpression and anxiety but knows how to control it. Disaiblity may not be the best option for you, if there was other things invovled and if he's been hospitalized it might help with that.
Another maneuver that you can do is file for a legal seperation. That way, you can save your credit for paper purposes and the damage that he does on his own is HIS issue, not yours. I'm not sayign tha tyou have to go through with the divorce, but that is one way to protect yourself legally because what he will be doing will no long be "joint", it will be consdiered seperate.